Stone bullet, Ho dynasty, 15th century
The stone bullets were discovered at the archaological site of the citadel of the Ho dynasty in Vinh Tien commune, Vinh Loc district, Thanh Hoa province. They have round shapes with smooth surfaces. Their diametres range from 5cm to 8cm. The bullets are mostly made of limestone, some are made of pebbles and sandstones. They were used in catapults (called Sao Phao). The shooting was made possible based on leverage principle and elasticity of the arm. Stone bullets were an important weapon and they reflect the emphasis on armament development of the Ho dynasty. This type of weapon was reused especially by the following dynasties.